SUMMARY


In networking it means joining or linking devices such as computers.a local area network(LAN) is a collection of computers and other devices connected through some medium that transmits mostly data.advantage in networking management security is one of the advantage it often includes protections against viruses,hacking, and other threats that can come from both outside  and inside a company. and some advantage that come with networking are the amount of information given. that will not be enough to every problem and system that we use to retrieve the data maybe extremely slow.


TOPOLOGIES remain an important part of network design theory we can probably build a home or small business computer network without understanding the difference between a bus design and star design but becoming familiar with the standard topologies give me better understanding of important networking concepts like hubs,broadcast,and router.

IMAGE of TOPOLOGY

RING TOPOLOGY


MESH TOPOLOGY


STAR TOPOLOGY


BU S TOPOLOGY


TREE TOPOLOGY



"OSI REFERENCE MODEL"


APPLICATION LAYER : This layer deal with networking application.[all application involve]

PRESENTATION LAYER : This layer is responsible for presenting the data in the required format.[way  

that present a document]

SESSION LAYER : Responsible to establish manage and terminates session.[connection between two communicating host.

TRANSPORT LAYER : This layer break up the data from the sending host and then reassembles it in the receiver.

NETWORK LAYER :[ belong IP addressing] sometimes referred to as the cisco layer.

DATA LINK : Performs physical addressing.

PHYSICAL LAYER : Consist of the basic networking hardware transmissions technologies of  a network.


    



      BROADCAST DOMAIN : Is a group of devices receiving broadcast frame iniatiating from any devices
                                                 with the group


      COLLISION : . The effect of two node sending transmissions simultaneously in Ethernet.


     COLLISION DOMAIN : The network area in Ethernet over which frame that have collided will be                                                      detected.

Network management it refers to the activities,methods,procedure and tools that pertain to the operation,administration,maintenance and provisioning of network system.and it refers to the broad subject of managing computer network.the exists and wide variety of software and hardware products that help network system administrators manage a network.


I learn about the defference type of network topologies.like the defference between BUS topology,RING topology,STAR topology,EXTENDED STAR topology,MESH topology,and PHYSICAL and LOGICAL topology.bus topology it use a common backbone to connect all devices[Ethernet bus topology].ring topology every devices has exactly two neighbors for communications purposes all message travel through a ring in thesame direction.star topology a star network features a central connections point called a" hub node" that maybe a network hub,swicth or router,devices typically connect the hub with unshielded twisted pair.mesh topology involved the concepts of router.unlike each of the previous topologies.message sent on a mesh network can take any of several possible paths from  sources to destination.



                     TYPE OF NETWORK

LAN- is a group of computer and network devices connected together,usually within thesame building.it means that the connections must be high speed and relatively inexpensive.

MAN-is a larger network that usually spans several buildings in thesame city or town.

WAN-is comparison to a man,is not restricted to a geographical location,although it might be confined within the bounds of state and country.


 VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK-is a private network that is constructed within a public natwork infrastructure.